RESPONS MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG NAGA TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN PARIWISATA

Awaludin Nugraha, M. Baiquni, Heddy Shri Ahimsa-Putra, Tri Kuntoro Priyambodo

ABSTRACT
Pada kurun 1975-2010 Pemerintah Kabupaten Tasikmalaya telah melakukan pembangunan pariwisata di Kampung Naga dengan tujuan meningkatkan kehidupan ekonomi masyarakatnya. Namun, masyarakat Kampung Naga melakukan respons negatif terhadap pembangunan tersebut. Mengapa masyarakat Kampung Naga melakukan respons negatif terhadap pembangunan pariwisata, padahal pembangunan tersebut dapat meningkatkan kehidupan ekonominya? Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk respons masyarakat Kampung Naga terhadap pembangunan pariwisata dan memahami penyebab munculnya respons itu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang terdiri atas heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan dan wawancara sejarah lisan. Teknik analisis datanya menggunakan model interaktif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa bentuk respons negatif masyarakat Kampung Naga terhadap pembangunan pariwisata terjadi secara bertahap dari skala lokal sampai skala nasional. Respons negatif tersebut disebabkan adanya perbedaan pemaknaan terhadap konsep pariwisata. Bagi masyarakat Kampung Naga, pariwisata bermakna silaturahmi yang bertujuan mempererat persaudaraan, sedangkan bagi pemerintah adalah aset untuk mendapatkan keuntungan finansial.

In the period 1975-2010 Tasikmalaya Regency Government has made tourism development in Kampung Naga. The purpose was to improve the economic life of Kampung Naga community. However, the Kampung Naga community responded negatively to that development. Why did the Kampung Naga community respond negatively to the development of tourism, whereas that development could improve the life of its economist? The purpose of this study is to describe the response form of Kampung Naga community to the tourism development and to understand the cause of the response. The research method used is a historical method, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Collecting data are using literature studiies and oral history interviews. Interactive model is used to analyze data. The result of this study shows that the negative response form of Kampung Naga community toward tourism development happened gradually from local scale to national scale. The response was caused by the difference of the meaning to the concept of tourism. For the community of Kampung Naga, tourism means a relationship that aims to strengthen the brotherhood, while for the government assets to improve financial benefit.

KEYWORDS
pembangunan pariwisata; respons; makna pariwisata; kampung naga

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